What is Condenser Microphone?
A condenser microphone (also called a capacitor microphone) uses a lightweight diaphragm suspended near a metal backplate to capture sound. When sound waves hit the diaphragm, the distance between it and the backplate changes, varying the capacitance and creating an electrical signal. This design allows condensers to capture extremely detailed, nuanced audio.
Condenser mics come in two main types:
- Large-diaphragm condensers (LDC): Warm, full sound ideal for vocals and podcasting
- Small-diaphragm condensers (SDC): More accurate, often used for instruments
| Condenser Mic | Diaphragm | Best For | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Audio-Technica AT2020 | Large | Budget podcasting | ~$100 |
| Rode NT1 | Large | Quiet, detailed vocals | ~$270 |
| Blue Yeti (condenser) | Large | USB convenience | ~$130 |
| Neumann U87 | Large | Professional studios | ~$3,600 |
All condenser microphones require phantom power (+48V) to operate, supplied by your audio interface or mixer.
Why It Matters
Condenser microphones capture more detail and high-frequency clarity than dynamic microphones, making voices sound crisp and present. However, this sensitivity is a double-edged sword—condensers also pick up more room noise, keyboard clicks, and background sounds. They're best suited for acoustically treated spaces where you can take advantage of their detail without capturing unwanted noise.
How to Use This in Dispatch
Position a condenser mic 6-8 inches from your mouth—farther than you would a dynamic mic. Always use a pop filter to prevent plosives (harsh "P" and "B" sounds). Enable phantom power on your interface before recording. Because condensers are sensitive, minimize background noise: close windows, turn off fans, and consider acoustic treatment for your recording space.